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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nznistu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Науки о Земле и недропользование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Earth sciences and subsoil use</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-9993</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7931</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education "Irkutsk National Research Technical University"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2686-9993-2021-44-3-333-343</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nznistu-169</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Разведка и разработка месторождений полезных ископаемых</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Exploration and Development of Mineral Deposits</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Устройство для бурения плавлением с одновременным или последующим расширением скважин во льду</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Device for fusion drilling with simultaneous or follow-up reaming of wells in ice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9855-7178</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сербин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serbin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сербин Данил Васильевич, ведущий инженер НЦ «Арктика»</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danil V. Serbin, Leading Engineer of the Scientific Center Arctic</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a2807970@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4615-3179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриев</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitriev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитриев Андрей Николаевич, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры бурения скважин</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Dmitriev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Well Drilling</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a2807970@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasiliev</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Николай Иванович, доктор технических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay I. Vasiliev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Scientific Researcher</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg Mining University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg Mining University</aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>44</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>333</fpage><lpage>343</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сербин Д.В., Дмитриев Н.Н., Васильев Н.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сербин Д.В., Дмитриев Н.Н., Васильев Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serbin D.V., Dmitriev A.N., Vasiliev N.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nznj.ru/jour/article/view/169">https://www.nznj.ru/jour/article/view/169</self-uri><abstract><p>Авторами рассматривается новая технология вскрытия подледниковых водоемов, обеспечивающая экологическую чистоту проведения геолого-разведочных работ, в основу которой заложены результаты первых вскрытий подледникового озера Восток в Антарктиде (февраль 2012 года и январь 2015 года). Первоочередной целью дальнейших исследований подледникового озера Восток является взятие чистых проб озерной воды и донных отложений, для этого необходимо прямое проникновение в озеро. Существует ряд условий, без соблюдения которых невозможно дальнейшее проведение исследований озера с использованием скважины чистого доступа на буровом комплексе «Восток». В статье обобщены главные результаты, в том числе технологические и технические решения, которые защищены патентом Российской Федерации. Подробно рассмотрено новое устройство для бурения плавлением с одновременным расширением ледовой скважины. Данное устройство объединяет два технологических процесса: бурение – за счет контактного плавления, а также увеличение диаметра скважины – за счет создания вихревого потока постоянно подогреваемого теплоносителя в призабойной зоне. Тепловой способ разрушения льда обеспечивает экологическую чистоту процесса вскрытия подледниковых водоемов и является приоритетным методом, выгодно отличающимся от существующих. Устройство получило название «тепловой буровой снаряд-расширитель». Во время сезонных работ 64-й Российской Антарктической экспедиции были проведены стендовые испытания такого устройства ТБСР 132/400, результаты которых подтвердили, что оно способно обеспечить бурение диаметром 132 мм с одновременным расширением до 400 мм.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper deals with a new opening technology for subglacial reservoirs, which ensures environmentally friendly geological exploration. The technology is based on the results of the first openings of the subglacial Lake Vostok in Antarctica (February 2012 and January 2015). The primary goal of further studies of the subglacial Lake Vostok is to take clean samples of lake water and bottom sediments, which requires direct penetration into the lake. There is a number of conditions to be met in order to conduct further studies of the lake using a clean access well at the Vostok drilling complex. The article summarizes the main results including technological and engineering solutions protected by the patent of the Russian Federation. A detailed consideration is given to a new device for fusion drilling with simultaneous reaming of an ice hole. This device combines two technological processes: drilling due to contact melting, and an increase in the diameter of the well due to the creation of a vortex flow of a continuously heated coolant in the bottomhole zone. The thermal method of ice breaking ensures the ecological cleanliness when opening subglacial reservoirs and is a priority method that favorably differs from the existing ones. The device was named a “thermal drill reamer” (TDR). During the seasonal work of the 64th Russian Antarctic Expedition bench tests of the TDR 132/400 were carried out, the results of which confirmed that the device is capable to ensure 132 mm drilling with simultaneous reaming up to 400 mm.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Антарктид подледниковое озеро Восток</kwd><kwd>термобуровой снаряд на грузонесущем кабеле</kwd><kwd>бурение плавлением</kwd><kwd>бурение льда</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Antarctica</kwd><kwd>subglacial Lake Vostok</kwd><kwd>thermal drill on a load-bearing cable</kwd><kwd>fusion drilling</kwd><kwd>ice drilling</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wright A., Siegert M. J. 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