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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nznistu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Науки о Земле и недропользование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Earth sciences and subsoil use</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-9993</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7931</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education "Irkutsk National Research Technical University"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2686-9993-2023-46-1-72-83</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nznistu-272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Горнопромышленная и нефтегазопромысловая геология, геофизика, маркшейдерское дело и геометрия недр</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Applied mining and petroleum field geology, geophysics, mine surveying and subsoil geometry</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пути снижения остаточных сварочных напряжений в металлоконструкциях карьерных экскаваторов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methods to reduce residual welding stresses in mining excavator metal structures</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Макаров Анатолий Павлович, кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры горных машин и электромеханических систем, Институт недропользованияг. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Anatoly P. Makarov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor,Associate Professor of the Department of Mining Machines and Electromechanical Systems, Institute of Subsoil UseIrkutsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-0393</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Храмовских</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khramovskikh</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Храмовских Виталий Александрович, кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры горных машин и электромеханических систем,Институт недропользованияг. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Vitaly A. Khramovskikh, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Mining Machines and Electromechanical Systems, Institute of Subsoil UseIrkutsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Непомнящих</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nepomnyashchikh</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Непомнящих Кирилл Андреевич, аспирант, ассистент кафедры горных машин и электромеханических систем, Институт недропользованияг. Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Kirill A. Nepomnyashchikh, Postgraduate Student,Assistant Professor of the Department of Mining Machines and Electromechanical Systems, Institute of Subsoil UseIrkutsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>46</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макаров А.П., Храмовских В.А., Непомнящих К.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макаров А.П., Храмовских В.А., Непомнящих К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarov A.P., Khramovskikh V.A., Nepomnyashchikh K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nznj.ru/jour/article/view/272">https://www.nznj.ru/jour/article/view/272</self-uri><abstract><p>Остаточные напряжения в металлоконструкциях карьерного оборудования, вызванные сваркой, возникают из-за неравномерного одновременного нагрева и охлаждения локальных участков конструкций, переменных скоростей охлаждения в разных областях сварного шва, а также деформаций, связанных с металлургическими фазовыми преобразованиями. Остаточное напряжение в сварном соединении может существенно увеличить внешнюю нагрузку и привести к разрушению конструкции. Исследования по расчету, измерению и снижению остаточных напряжений при сварке являются важными вопросами при прогнозировании ресурса узлов металлоконструкций горных машин и оборудования. Точная количественная оценка остаточных напряжений в сварных изделиях, включая ремонтные швы, а также поиск основных принципов, лежащих в основе методов устранения остаточных деформаций, представляет значительный практический интерес, актуальный и для авторов данного исследования. В ходе работы нами была обобщена информация по последним исследованиям в области оценки и измерения остаточных напряжений, вызванных электрогазосварочным воздействием. Предложено использование в исследовании различных техник и аналитических методов для количественной оценки остаточных напряжений сварного шва на основе механики разрушения, что позволяет на ранних стадиях предпринимать упреждающие меры по снижению затрат на ремонт и техническое обслуживание сварных металлоконструкций карьерных экскаваторов. В результате проведенных работ сформированы предложения для снижения остаточных сварочных напряжений в металлоконструкциях карьерных экскаваторов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Residual stresses in metal structures of mining machinery caused by welding occur due to simultaneous uneven heating and cooling of local sections of structures, variable cooling rates in the different areas of the weld and deformations caused by metallurgical phase transformations. Residual stress in the welded joint can significantly increase the external load that can lead to structural failure. Research on the calculation, measurement and relief of residual stresses under welding is an important issue when predicting the service life of metal structure units of mining machinery and equipment. An accurate quantitative estimation of residual stresses in welded products, repair welds included, as well as the search for the fundamental principles of the elimination methods of residual deformations are of considerable practical interest, which is relevant for the authors of this paper. The study involved a general review of the latest researches in the field of estimation and measurement of residual stresses caused by electrogas welding. It has been proposed to use various techniques and analytical methods for quantitative estimation of welded joint residual stresses on the basis of fracture mechanics, which enabled to take preventative measures at early stages to reduce the cost of repair and maintenance of welded metal structures of mining excavators. The conducted study resulted in formulating the proposals on relief of residual welding stresses in the metal structures of mining excavators.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>остаточное напряжение и деформация</kwd><kwd>электрогазовая сварка</kwd><kwd>конечный элементный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>residual stress and deformation</kwd><kwd>electrogas welding</kwd><kwd>finite element analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guo J., Fu H., Pan B., Kang R. Recent progress of residual stress measurement methods: a review // Chinese Journal of Aeronautics. 2021. Vol. 34. Iss. 2. P. 54–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2019.10.010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guo J., Fu H., Pan B., Kang R. Recent progress of residual stress measurement methods: a review // Chinese Journal of Aeronautics. 2021. 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