<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nznistu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Науки о Земле и недропользование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Earth sciences and subsoil use</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-9993</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7931</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education "Irkutsk National Research Technical University"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/2686-9993-2025-48-2-185-203</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">TIYEQF</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nznistu-402</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Геофизика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Geophysics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структурное картирование и определение перспективных залежей месторождения углеводородов Отио в дельте реки Нигер</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structural mapping and prospects identification in Otio oil field, Niger Delta</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1298-6117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мохаммед</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mohammed</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мохаммед Абубакар Мохаммед - доктор наук, инженер-исследователь, институт «Сибирская школа геонаук».</p><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mohammed Abubakar Mohammed - Ph.D., Research Engineer, Siberian School of Geosciences.</p><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mmohammed@geo.istu.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>48</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>185</fpage><lpage>203</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мохаммед М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мохаммед М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mohammed M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nznj.ru/jour/article/view/402">https://www.nznj.ru/jour/article/view/402</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью данного исследования являлось детальное структурное картирование и определение перспектив нефтеносного месторождения Отио, расположенного в дельте реки Нигер. В ходе работы использовались 3D-данные сейсморазведки и каротажные диаграммы для выделения подповерхностных структур и оценки углеводородного потенциала месторождения. Пять ключевых горизонтов были оценены с помощью петрофизического анализа, выявившего значения пористости в диапазоне от 18 до 27 %, уровни водонасыщенности от 20 до 31 % и отношение мощности нефтенасыщенного пласта к его эффективной мощности от 59 до 96 %. Для каждого горизонта были построены структурные карты зависимости времени от глубины, что позволило выделить два перспективных участка – Северо-Восточный и Юго-Восточный. Северо-Восточный перспективный участок был оценен выше из-за большего предполагаемого объема углеводородов, а участок Sand E2 был определен как наиболее перспективный резервуар на основе объемного анализа. Данное исследование подчеркивает важность интеграции сейсмических и петрофизических данных для эффективной разведки и разработки месторождений, так как обеспечивает основу для принятия будущих решений по бурению на месторождении Отио. Исследование началось с оценки недр нефтеносного месторождения Отио, интегрирующей данные каротажа скважин и сейсмические данные, охватывающие месторождение. Для проекта использовались трехмерный сейсмический куб, базовая карта, данные по шести скважинам в формате LiDAR Aerial Survey и данные сейсмокаротажа (по одной скважине). Результаты показали, что выявленными углеводородоносными зонами являются пески D, E1, E2, H и J (по данным гамма-каротажа и резистивного каротажа). Корреляция песков по месторождению показала равномерное их развитие от скважины к скважине. Сейсмокаротаж был оценен положительно из-за отсутствия выбросов или ложных значений. Годограф представляет собой пологий наклон, который в конечном итоге становится круче из-за уплотнения нижележащих слоев, что приводит к уменьшению полного времени пробега. В результате структурной интерпретации на месторождении было выявлено шестнадцать разломов (F1–F16), как показазно на сейсмическом разрезе. Разломы на месторождении простираются в направлении с востока на запад, причем большинство из них характеризуются падением пласта к северу, за исключением разломов F4 F6, F7 и F9, падающих на юг. Трехмерный структурный анализ месторождения Отио в дельте реки Нигер позволил лучше понять его тектоническую структуру и угдеводородные ловушки. Было выявлено восемь коллекторов, пять нефтегазоносных песков (D, E1, E2, H, J), состоящих из песков, запечатанных сланцами, были нанесены на карту.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This research presents a detailed structural mapping and prospects identification study of the Otio Field located in the Niger Delta. The study integrates 3D seismic data and well logs to delineate subsurface structures and assess the hydrocarbon potential of the field. Five key horizons were evaluated using petrophysical analysis, revealing porosity values ranging from 18 to 27 %, water saturation levels between 20 and 31 %, and Net-To-Gross ratios of 59 to 96 %. Time-depth structure maps were generated for each horizon, allowing for the identification of two prospects, namely the North-Eastern and South-Eastern prospects. The North-Eastern prospect was ranked higher due to its larger estimated hydrocarbon volume, with Sand E2 identified as the most promising reservoir based on volumetric analysis. This study underscores the importance of integrating seismic and petrophysical data for effective exploration and field development, providing a basis for future drilling decisions in the Otio Field. The research method started with the subsurface evaluation of the “Otio Field” integrating well log data from the field and seismic data spanning the field. The databases used for this project are three Dimensional (3D) seismic cube, base map, six well data in LAS format and check shot data for only one well. The results show the identified hydrocarbon bearing zones are Sands D, E1, E2, H and J as interpreted from gamma-ray and resistivity logs. The sand correlation across the field showed uniform sand development from well to well. The checkshot is interpreted as good because of the absence of outliers or spurious values. The plot is a gentle slope that eventually steepens because of com-paction of the underlying units that causes Two-Way Time to decrease. The results from the structural Interpretation, sixteen faults (F1–F16) were interpreted across the field as seen on seismic section. Faults in the field trend in the East-West direction with majority of them dipping north except for faults F4 F6, F7 and F9 dipping south. In the conclusion, the 3D structural analysis of Otio Field in the Niger Delta enhanced understanding of its structural styles and hydrocarbon traps. Eight reservoirs were identified, with five hydro-carbon-bearing sands (D, E1, E2, H, J) mapped, consisting of sands sealed by shales.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дельта реки Нигер</kwd><kwd>структурное картирование</kwd><kwd>интерпретация данных сейсмической разведки</kwd><kwd>петрофизический анализ</kwd><kwd>перспективы месторождения углеводородов</kwd><kwd>месторождение Отио</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Niger Delta</kwd><kwd>structural mapping</kwd><kwd>seismic interpretation</kwd><kwd>petrophysical analysis</kwd><kwd>hydrocarbon prospects</kwd><kwd>Otio Field</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Автор выражает благодарность своему директору А.В. Паршину, коллегам и сотрудникам Института «Сибирская школа геонаук» Иркутского национального исследовательского технического университета (г. Иркутск, Россия), кафедры геологии и горного дела Университета Абуджи (г. Абуджа, Нигерия) и исследовательской группе в составе И.Ч. Офиа, С.Л. Мохаммед, М.Г. Мохаммед и ее группе, а также А.М. Абубакару за их всестороннюю поддержку и помощь во время и после проведения данного исследования</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The author is grateful to his Director, A.V. Parshin, his colleagues and associates from the Institute of the Siberian School of Geosciences, Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Department of Geology and Mining, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria, and his research team: I.C. Ofia, S.L. Mohammed, M.G. Mohammed and her team and A.M. Abubakar for their undiluted support and assistance during and after carrying out this research</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Obiekezie T.N., Bassey E.E. 3D structural analysis of Otu Field, Niger Delta, Nigeria // Physical Science International Journal. 2015. Vol. 7. Iss. 2. P. 114–126. https://doi.org/10.9734/PSIJ/2015/16512.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obiekezie T.N., Bassey E.E. 3D structural analysis of Otu Field, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Physical Science International Journal. 2015;7(2):114-126. https://doi.org/10.9734/PSIJ/2015/16512.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nyantakyi E.K., Hu W., Borkloe J.K. Integrated 3D seismic and petrophysical analysis for hydrocarbon exploration in the Niger Delta // Petroleum Science and Technology. 2013. Vol. 31. Iss. 15. P. 1590–1600.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nyantakyi E.K., Hu W., Borkloe J.K. Integrated 3D seismic and petrophysical analysis for hydrocarbon exploration in the Niger Delta. Petroleum Science and Technology. 2013;31(15):1590-1600.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ophori D.U., Gorring M., Olsen K., Orhua E., Hope J. A preliminary analysis of groundwater chemistry in shallow boreholes, Ughelli, Nigeria // Journal of Environmental Hydrology. 2007. Vol. 15. Available from: http://www.hydroweb.com/protect/pubs/jeh/jeh2007/ophori.pdf [Accessed 18th February 2025].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ophori D.U., Gorring M., Olsen K., Orhua E., Hope J. A preliminary analysis of groundwater chemistry in shallow boreholes, Ughelli, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Hydrology. 2007;15. Available from: http://www.hydroweb.com/protect/pubs/jeh/jeh2007/ophori.pdf [Accessed 18th February 2025].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doust H., Omatsola E. Niger Delta // Divergent/passive margin basins / eds J.D. Edwards, P.A. Santogrossi. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, 1990. Vol. 48. P. 239–248. https://doi.org/10.1306/M48508C4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doust H., Omatsola E. Niger Delta. In: Edwards J.D., Santogrossi P.A. (eds). Divergent/passive margin basins. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir; 1990, vol. 48, p. 239-248. https://doi.org/10.1306/M48508C4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Owoyemi A.O., Willis B.J. Depositional patterns across syndepositional normal faults, Niger Delta, Nigeria // Journal of Sedimentary Research. 2006. Vol. 76. P. 346–363. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2006.025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Owoyemi A.O., Willis B.J. Depositional patterns across syndepositional normal faults, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of Sedimentary Research. 2006;76:346-363. https://doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2006.025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nton M.E., Adesina A.A. Aspects of structures and depositional environment of sand bodies within Tomboy Field, offshore western Niger Delta, Nigeria // RMZ-materials and geoenvironment. 2009. Vol. 56. Iss. 3. P. 284–303.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nton M.E., Adesina A.A. Aspects of structures and depositional environment of sand bodies within Tomboy Field, offshore western Niger Delta, Nigeria. RMZ-materials and geoenvironment. 2009;56(3):284-303.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibe A.C., Anyanwu C.P. Geoenvironmental assessment of the Niger Delta region // Journal of the Geological Society of Nigeria. 2014. Vol. 50. Iss. 2. P. 123–135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ibe A.C., Anyanwu C.P. Geoenvironmental assessment of the Niger Delta region. Journal of the Geological Society of Nigeria. 2014;50(2):123-135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doust H., Omatsola E. Niger Delta // Divergent/passive margin basins / eds J.D. Edwards, P.A. Santogrossi. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, 1989. Vol. 48. P. 201–238.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doust H., Omatsola E. Niger Delta. In: Edwards J.D., Santogrossi P.A. (eds). Divergent/passive margin basins. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir; 1989, vol. 48, p. 201-238.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Short K.C., Stauble A.J. Outline of geology of Niger Delta // American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 1967. Vol. 51. Iss. 5. P. 761–779. https://doi.org/10.1306/5D25C0CF-16C1-11D7-8645000102C1865D.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Short K.C., Stauble A.J. Outline of geology of Niger Delta. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 1967;51(5):761-779. https://doi.org/10.1306/5D25C0CF-16C1-11D7-8645000102C1865D.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ejedawe J.E. Patterns of incidence of oil and gas in the Niger Delta Basin // Journal of Petroleum Geology. 1981. Vol. 4. Iss. 2. P. 167–183.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ejedawe J.E. Patterns of incidence of oil and gas in the Niger Delta Basin. Journal of Petroleum Geology. 1981;4(2):167-183.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bilotti F., Shaw J.H. Deep-water Niger Delta fold and thrust belt modeled as a critical-taper wedge: the influence of elevated basal fluid pressure on structural styles // American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 2005. Vol. 89. Iss. 11. P. 1475–1491. https://doi.org/10.1306/06130505002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bilotti F., Shaw J.H. Deep-water Niger Delta fold and thrust belt modeled as a critical-taper wedge: the influence of elevated basal fluid pressure on structural styles. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 2005;89(11):1475-1491. https://doi.org/10.1306/06130505002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lambert-Aikhionbare D.O. Relationship between diagenesis and pore fluid chemistry in Niger Delta oil-bearing sands // Journal of Petroleum Geology. 1982. Vol. 4. Iss. 3. P. 287–298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.1982.tb00540.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lambert-Aikhionbare D.O. Relationship between diagenesis and pore fluid chemistry in Niger Delta oil-bearing sands. Journal of Petroleum Geology. 1982;4(3):287-298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.1982.tb00540.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evamy B.D., Haremboure J., Kamerling P., Knaap W.A., Molloy F.A., Rowlands P.H. Hydrocarbon habitat of Tertiary Niger Delta // American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 1978. Vol. 62. Iss. 1. P. 1–39. https://doi.org/10.1306/C1EA47ED-16C9-11D7-8645000102C1865D.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evamy B.D., Haremboure J., Kamerling P., Knaap W.A., Molloy F.A., Rowlands P.H. Hydrocarbon habitat of Tertiary Niger Delta. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 1978;62(1):1-39. https://doi.org/10.1306/ C1EA47ED-16C9-11D7-8645000102C1865D.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weber K.J. Sedimentological aspects of oil fields in the Niger Delta // Geologie en Mijnbouw, 1971. Vol. 50. Iss. 1. P. 559–576.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weber K.J. Sedimentological aspects of oil fields in the Niger Delta. Geologie en Mijnbouw, 1971;50(1):559-576.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Corredor F., Shaw J.H., Bilotti F. Structural styles in the deep-water fold and thrust belts of the Niger Delta // American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 2005. Vol. 89. Iss. 6. P. 753–780. https://doi.org/10.1306/02170504074.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Corredor F., Shaw J.H., Bilotti F. Structural styles in the deep-water fold and thrust belts of the Niger Delta. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 2005;89(6):753-780. https://doi.org/10.1306/02170504074.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Armentrout J.M., Kanschat K.A., Meisling K.E., Steffens, G. S. Neogene turbidite systems of the Niger Delta: Seismic examples and analogues for exploration and reservoir characterization // American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 2000. Vol. 84. Iss. 9. 1336–1357.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Armentrout J.M., Kanschat K.A., Meisling K.E., Steffens G.S. Neogene turbidite systems of the Niger Delta: Seismic examples and analogues for exploration and reservoir characterization. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 2000;84(9):1336-1357.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hooper R.J., Fitzsimmons R.J., Grant N., Vendeville B.C. The role of deformation in controlling depositional patterns in the south-central Niger Delta, West Africa // Journal of Structural Geology. 2002. Vol. 24. Iss. 4. P. 847–859. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8141(01)00122-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hooper R.J., Fitzsimmons R.J., Grant N., Vendeville B.C. The role of deformation in controlling depositional patterns in the south-central Niger Delta, West Africa. Journal of Structural Geology. 2002;24(4):847-859. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8141(01)00122-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knox G.J., Omatsola E.M. Development of the Cenozoic Niger Delta in terms of the “Escalator Regression” model and impact on hydrocarbon distribution // Coastal Lowlands / eds W.J.M. Van Der Linden, S.A.P.L. Cloetingh, J.P.K. Kaasschieter, W.J.E. Van De Graaff, J. Vandenberghe, J.A.M. Van Der Gun. Dordrecht: Springer, 1989. P. 181–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1064-0_12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knox G.J., Omatsola E.M. Development of the Cenozoic Niger Delta in terms of the “Escalator Regression” model and impact on hydrocarbon distribution. In: Van Der Linden W.J.M., Cloetingh S.A.P.L., Kaasschieter J.P.K., Van De Graaff W.J.E., Vandenberghe J., Van Der Gun J.A.M. (eds). Coastal Lowlands. Dordrecht: Springer; 1989, p. 181-202. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1064-0_12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
