References

nznistu

Науки о Земле и недропользование

Earth sciences and subsoil use

2686-99932686-7931

Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education "Irkutsk National Research Technical University"

10.21285/2686-9993-2025-48-3-296-309

QDHESY

nznistu-427

Research Article

Статьи

Комплексный кристаллохимический анализ как этап минералого-технологической оценки руд твердых полезных ископаемых

Comprehensive crystal chemical analysis as a stage of mineralogical and technological assessment of solid mineral ores

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7155-6784

Канева

Е. В.

Kaneva

E. V.

Канева Екатерина Владимировна, доктор геолого-минералогических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории рентгеновских методов анализа, профессор отдела магистратуры и аспирантуры

г. Иркутск

Ekaterina V. Kaneva, Dr. Sci. (Geol. & Mineral.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of X-ray Analysis Methods, Professor at the Graduate and Postgraduate Department

Irkutsk

kaneva@igc.irk.ru

Институт геохимии им. А.П. Виноградова Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияA.P. Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation

2025

22122025

483296309

2025

Канева Е.В.

Kaneva E.V.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.nznj.ru/jour/article/view/427

Цель данной статьи заключалась в обосновании важности роли комплексного кристаллохимического анализа при минералого-технологической оценке руд твердых полезных ископаемых. На примере редких силикатных минералов (тинаксит, токкоит, калий-гастингсит и других), отобранных из месторождений разных генетических типов, была продемонстрирована эффективность интеграции современных аналитических методов: рентгеноструктурного анализа, электронно-зондового микроанализа, мёссбауэровской, инфракрасной и спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния, электронного парамагнитного резонанса, а также оптической спектроскопии и люминесценции. В ходе исследования были получены количественные данные о распределении катионов по структурным позициям, валентном состоянии железа, особенностях спектров, связанных с наличием OH-колебаний и люминесцентных характеристиках. Установленные количественные корреляции «состав – структура – свойства» позволили решить фундаментальные задачи, такие как определение кристаллохимических формул и механизмов изоморфных замещений, исследование ионообменных и окислительно-восстановительных процессов, реконструирование условий минералообразования, анализ природы функциональных свойств. Полученные результаты дали возможность создать основу для прогнозирования технологического поведения минерального сырья и разработки генетических критериев. В числе прочего убедительно подтверждено, что комплексный подход при оценке руд твердых полезных ископаемых обеспечивает переход от эмпирического описания к прогностическому моделированию, внося существенный вклад как в развитие фундаментальной минералогии, так и в решение прикладных задач рационального недропользования. Установленные закономерности и разрабатываемые методические принципы открывают новые перспективы для создания энергоэффективных и экологически безопасных технологий переработки минерального сырья с целенаправленным использованием его функциональных свойств.

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the importance of comprehensive crystal chemical analysis in the mineralogical and technological assessment of solid mineral ores. On example of rare silicate minerals (tinaksite, tokkoite, potassium-hastingsite, and others) selected from the deposits of various genetic types the effectiveness of the integration of modern analytical methods including X-ray structural analysis, electron probe microanalysis, Mössbauer, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, as well as optical spectroscopy and luminescence was demonstrated. The study obtained quantitative data on cation distribution by structural positions, iron valence state spectra features associated with OH vibrations, and luminescent characteristics. The identified quantitative “composition-structure-properties” correlations enabled the solution of such fundamental tasks as determining crystal chemical formulas and mechanisms of isomorphic substitutions, studying ion exchange and redox processes, reconstructing mineral formation conditions, and analyzing the nature of functional properties. The obtained results provided a basis for predicting the technological behavior of mineral raw materials and developing genetic criteria. Among other things, it has been convincingly demonstrated that the comprehensive approach to assessing solid mineral ores enables a transition from empirical description to predictive modeling making a significant contribution to both the development of fundamental mineralogy and the solution of applied problems in rational subsoil use. The established patterns and developed methodological principles open up new prospects for the creation of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly technologies for processing mineral raw materials with the targeted use of their functional properties.

минералообразованиеминералого-технологическая оценкаизоморфизмсиликатыкристаллохимияпрогнозированиефункциональные свойства

mineral formationmineralogical and technological assessmentisomorphismsilicatescrystal chemistryfore-castingfunctional properties

Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания (проект № 0284-2021-0005) с использованием научного оборудования Центра коллективного пользования «Изотопно-геохимических исследований» Института геохимии им. А.П. Виноградова Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (г. Иркутск, Россия).

This work was performed within the framework of a state assignment (project no. 0284-2021-0005) using the scientific equipment of the Shared Use Centre for Isotope and Geochemical Research of the A.P. Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Irkutsk, Russia).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.